Surprised by Hell: The Physics of the New Heaven and New Earth

This post is not for the faint of heart. We’re going to cover some modern physics, and it will not make sense to many readers. But — believe it or not — I actually have a pretty good grasp of this stuff, and I’m confident this is good science, as crazy as it’s going to seem.

Why does earth-time go in only one direction?

Sounds like a stupid question, doesn’t it? Believe it or not, physicists wrestle with this one. It’s a very hot issue among theorists today. Continue reading

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Surprised by Hope: Evangelism — In Response to Readers’ Comments, Part 2

In Acts 10, the conversion of Cornelius, Peter begins with,

(Acts 10:34-35) Then Peter began to speak: “I now realize how true it is that God does not show favoritism 35 but accepts men from every nation who fear him and do what is right.”

This is a missional statement, indeed the very basis for mission activity. The language goes all the way back to God’s covenant with Abraham and his promise to bless all nations through Abraham’s seed. Continue reading

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Surprised by Hope: Evangelism — In Response to Readers’ Comments, Part 1.5

I keep writing these too-long answers to questions, but they’re great questions that force me to dig deeper and try to explain myself better.

Alan wrote,

I’m particularly sensitive to this topic. I’ve seen dynamic leaders converting large numbers of people to a mission (evangelism). And I’ve seen what happened subsequently. It was an unmitigated disaster in many people’s lives. Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: Gehenna

In the New Testament, every reference to “hell” in the English is a reference either to Hades, Tartarus, or Gehenna. Gehenna is used 12 times.

It’s well known that Gehenna was the dump outside Jerusalem where trash was burned. And many times, Gehenna could be well translated as “trash dump,” although “trash dump” would be used metaphorically to refer to the fate of the damned. Continue reading

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Surprised by Hope: Evangelism — In Response to Readers’ Comments, Part 1

Readers,

In my recent post on evangelism, I argued for a greater emphasis on mission in our evangelism. A couple of readers argue to the contrary in the comment section. My response was too long for the comment fields, so I’m posting it here. I plan a 3-part series.

One friend of mine argues, Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: Hades and Tartarus

Most of the time I agree with N. T. Wright. Sometimes I don’t. Sometimes I’m not sure. And I’m not sure about Wright’s views on hell.

He dismisses the orthodox view of eternal, conscious torment but also dismisses the conditionalist (or annihilationalist) view that the lost are destroyed at the Eschaton in an agonizing process, preferring instead a theory of an eternal existence of worshiping the wrong thing. Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: The Traditional-View Verses and Eternal Death

Obviously, 99.99% of the world’s Christians would not believe in an everlasting, conscious torment in hell unless there was some scriptural support, and indeed there is —

(Mat 25:45-46) “He will reply, ‘I tell you the truth, whatever you did not do for one of the least of these, you did not do for me.’ 46 “Then they will go away to eternal punishment, but the righteous to eternal life.”

(2 Th 1:9-10) They will be punished with everlasting destruction and shut out from the presence of the Lord and from the majesty of his power 10 on the day he comes to be glorified in his holy people and to be marveled at among all those who have believed. This includes you, because you believed our testimony to you. Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: Introduction

[This is a continuation and expansion of N. T. Wright’s Surprised by Hope. Wright says very little on hell, and what he says, I disagree with. So we’ll talk about it and move into Ed Fudge’s The Fire that Consumes. We’ll be talking about conditionalism, also known as annihilationism.

Now, I read Fudge’s book a while back and wasn’t quite convinced. But since then, I’ve seen where Patrick Mead and Al Maxey have supported this interpretation. Well … that’s about as impressive a list of Church of Christ intellectuals as you can come up with! (Fudge is a lawyer and an elder!) Therefore, I figure I should take a fresh look.

And, by the way, the following is a re-run, but I have to repost it to get things in order.]

Wright notes that the idea of a new heaven and new earth argues against the traditional understanding of hell. After all, no longer do we imagine going to heaven when we die. Rather, heaven comes down to earth and we stay here — but “here” is transformed, as are we, into something glorious beyond description.

We receive new bodies. The old world is burned with consuming fire.

(2 Pet 3:7) By the same word the present heavens and earth are reserved for fire, being kept for the day of judgment and destruction of ungodly men.

And this same fire that purges the old heavens and earth destroys ungodly men. Where then is hell? Continue reading

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Surprised by Hope: Evangelism

[The Surprised by Hope series will continue during my hiatus, because I have to get ready for class Sunday, no matter how I feel.]

In his chapter on mission, Wright makes several insightful comments on evangelism —

The power of the gospel lies not in the offer of a new spirituality or religious experience, not in the threat of hellfire (certainly not in the sense of being “left behind”), which can be removed if only the hearer checks this box, says this prayer, raises a hand, or whatever, but in the powerful announcement that God is God, the Jesus is Lord, that the powers of evil have been defeated, that God’s new world has begun. … Of course, once the gospel announcement is made, in whatever way, it means instantly that all people everywhere are gladly invited to come in, to join the party, to discover forgiveness for the past, an astonishing destiny in God’s future, and a vocation in the present. Continue reading

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Report on July

Interestingly, July had as many hits as June, even though readership largely went to the beach over the 4th and I stopped much in the way of writing before the month ended. That’s encouraging. Thanks for reading!

Here are the most popular posts for the month — Continue reading

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