Recent New Testament scholarship has brought a new focus to Paul’s teachings about the “powers.” When Paul refers to the “powers,” he is sometimes referring to spiritual opponents of Jesus and other times referring to those having power on earth. Often it’s hard to tell which. For example,
(Col. 1:16) For by him all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things were created by him and for him.
In Paul’s mind, there may not have been much of a distinction between demonic powers and a Roman emperor who insisted on being worshiped as a God. Either way, the powers were usurping the place of God. Continue reading →