Category Archives: Hell

Surprised by Hell: The Patristics

When we come to the Patristics, we find that the earliest writers go in three directions. Origen taught a form of universalism. Tertullian taught everlasting torment. But perhaps the earliest of the preserved, uninspired writings teaches annihilation. The Didache 16:13-17 … Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: The Old Testament

The Old Testament says very little about hell or the fate of the wicked. However, when the question is squarely addressed, the scriptures teach the utter destruction of the wicked. Consider Psalm 37 — (Psa 37) Of David. Do not … Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: Degrees of Punishment

It’s been argued that God cannot destroy the damned as the Bible predicts degrees of punishment for the lost. (Mat 10:15) I tell you the truth, it will be more bearable for Sodom and Gomorrah on the day of judgment … Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: A Heavenly Time

Alan keeps asking these fascinating questions. If time is a feature of this creation, and souls of the dead live outside this creation, then by definition they do not experience time. So they are eternal. Perhaps they can observe creation … Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: Eternity

I think this is going to be our last word study. I just want to be sure that “eternal” doesn’t necessarily mean “everlasting,” as it’s so often translated. We need to quickly run through several of the verses speaking in … Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: Eternal Fire

We continue our word study by looking at some of the many passages that speak of the damned being sent to the lake of fire, eternal fire, or the like. Fire (2 Pet 3:7) By the same word the present … Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: Mortality and Immortality

As we continue our word studies, we next take on the verses dealing with immortality. Immortality One element of the conditionalist position is that immortality is not an inherent element of human life. Rather, immortality is something God gives to … Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: Eternal Destruction

Although the Gospels speak of the fate of the lost in terms of Gehenna, the epistles use a very different vocabulary. They speak of “death” and “destruction.” We’ll consider here the references to destruction. And there are lots of references! … Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: The Physics of the New Heaven and New Earth

This post is not for the faint of heart. We’re going to cover some modern physics, and it will not make sense to many readers. But — believe it or not — I actually have a pretty good grasp of … Continue reading

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Surprised by Hell: Gehenna

In the New Testament, every reference to “hell” in the English is a reference either to Hades, Tartarus, or Gehenna. Gehenna is used 12 times. It’s well known that Gehenna was the dump outside Jerusalem where trash was burned. And … Continue reading

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